Although skeptical of Randolph's socialist affiliations, on the recommendations of fellow union organizer John C. Mills of Chicago, Webster facilitated a series of public meetings for Randolph and Chicago porters, nightly for two weeks.
Initially, he was reluctant to take on their cause. He was the son of enslaved parents from Clarksville, Tennessee, who, after successfully purchasing their own freedom, eventually moved to Chicago, where Webster was raised. Porters working under the Canadian National Railways (CNR) began resistance movements, demanding representation and bargaining rights.In 1942, the union expanded divisions into the Canadian cities of Montreal, Toronto and Winnipeg followed later by Calgary, Edmonton and Vancouver The BSCP won a charter from the AFL in 1935, the same year it was certified by the NMB. Pullman claimed the wage increases would cost the company approximately $1,500,000 per year. The BSCP also secured agreements from the Pullman Company that established a 240-hour work month, eliminated the system of determining rates by mileage, and guaranteed pay for preparatory and terminal time and a reasonable amount of rest during trips.The constitution of the BSCP also provided for the formation of the International Ladies Editor’s Note: The Pullman Porters organized and founded the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters in 1925. Thus ended the direct lineage of BSCP leadership, with Young becoming the first non-African American to lead the on-board group.The three unions representing Amtrak on-board service workers, BRAC, the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees (HERE), and the Transport Workers Union (TWU) joined to form the Amtrak Service Workers Council (ASWC). In 1982 an award-winning documentary was produced titled The story of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters was made into the 2002 Chateauvert, M. (2015).
Randolph by that time had achieved elder statesman status within the civil rights movement, even as changes in the railroad industry were gradually displacing many of the union's members. The NMB argued that the brotherhood was incapable of disrupting the Pullman sleeping car service. He also campaigned against racist housing polices … That half-measure, however, allowed Randolph into AFL conventions and other meetings, where he advocated organization of black workers on an equal footing with whites. A. Philip Randolph was the determined, dedicated, and articulate president of this union who fought to improve the working conditions … "Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters." The BSCP also tried to involve the federal government in its fight with the Pullman Company: on September 7, 1927 the brotherhood filed a case with the While it had organized roughly half of the porters within the company, the union was seemingly no closer to obtaining recognition than it had been in 1925. Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-Class History, 2006. The relationship between Randolph and Webster, the long-standing first vice president of the BSCP and the head of the Chicago Division, was centered on their common devotion to a common cause.
The AFL, despite touting equal rights for workers, was actively discriminatory. Craft lines and separate seniority lists for on-board workers were eliminated, with one labor agreement covering all. Many of the maids were well-educated African-American or Chinese-American women but were classified as "unskilled service workers," expected to clean berths, care for the unwell, and give free manicures to passengers.Six weeks after the foundation of the BSCP, female Pullman employees and relatives of male union members formed the Women's Economic Councils, officially recognized as the International Ladies' Auxiliary to the BSCP in 1938.Individuals also made impacts. Marching Together: Women of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters.
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